![]() Total arsenic levels in apple juice samples have routinely been below 10 ppb for example, more than 95 percent of total arsenic levels in a set of 94 apple juice samples collected at retail as part of a fiscal year 2011 assignment were below 10 ppb (see Ref. ![]() The surveillance results are discussed in this supporting document and the associated risk assessment document (Ref. 4).įDA has conducted routine surveillance for arsenic in apple juice since 1991, and has recently increased its surveillance efforts. Apple juice is a greater potential source of dietary inorganic arsenic exposure to children than to adults, because children’s dietary patterns are often less varied than those of adults, and they consume more apple juice relative to their body weight than do adults (Ref. These findings suggest a need to reduce exposure to inorganic arsenic from food.Īpple juice is one source of exposure to inorganic arsenic from food. 3) concluded that dietary exposure to inorganic arsenic should be reduced. FDA scientists, concluded that food can be a major contributor to inorganic arsenic exposure, and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (Ref. In recent assessments, the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) (Ref. Consumption of inorganic arsenic has been associated with cancer, skin lesions, developmental effects, cardiovascular disease, neurotoxicity, and diabetes in humans (Ref. Arsenic is found in both inorganic and organic forms (together referred to as total arsenic), and inorganic arsenic is generally considered more toxic than organic arsenic (Ref. BackgroundĪrsenic is an element that occurs in the environment from both natural and anthropogenic sources including erosion of arsenic-containing rocks, volcanic eruptions, contamination from mining and smelting ores, and previous or current use of arsenic-containing pesticides (Ref. The 10 micrograms/kilogram (µg/kg) or 10 parts per billion (ppb) action level for inorganic arsenic in apple juice is identified in the FDA Guidance for Industry entitled “Arsenic in Apple Juice: Action Level.” FDA considers the action level for inorganic arsenic to be achievable and protective of public health. The purpose of this document is to present the background and rationale for FDA's action level for inorganic arsenic in apple juice.
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